Siyakwamukela ku-ReadPianoMusicNow.com. Igama lami ngingu-Kent D. Smith.
Isihloko sanamuhla simayelana amasiginesha wesikhathi ekubhalweni komculo.
Ayini amasignesha esikhathi emculweni futhi kungani abalulekile?
Uma ufuna ukufunda ukufunda nokubhala umculo, omunye wemiqondo ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyiqonde isiginesha yesikhathi. Isiginesha yesikhathi, eyaziwa nangokuthi isiginesha yemitha, iyinothi ekutshela ukuthi mangaki amabhithi esilinganisweni somculo ngasinye, futhi hlobo luni lwenani lenothi elilingana nebhithi eyodwa. Isilinganiso, noma ibha, iqoqo lamanothi ahlukaniswe imigqa eqondile ebizwa ngokuthi imigqa yebha.
Isiginesha yesikhathi iqukethe izinombolo ezimbili ezistakwe phezu kwenye, njengeqhezu. Inombolo ephezulu ikutshela ukuthi mangaki amabhithi esikalini ngasinye, kuyilapho inombolo ephansi ikutshela ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwenani lenothi elithola isigqi esisodwa. Isibonelo, isignesha yesikhathi ka-4/4 isho ukuthi kunamabhithi amane esilinganisweni ngasinye, futhi isigqi ngasinye silingana nekota yenothi. Isignesha yesikhathi ka-3/8 isho ukuthi kunamabhithi amathathu esilinganisweni ngasinye, futhi isigqi ngasinye silingana nenothi lesishiyagalombili.
Amasignesha esikhathi abalulekile ngoba asiza abaculi ukuhlela isigqi nomuzwa womculo. Ziphinde zikhombise ukuthi yimaphi amabhithi agcizelelwa noma agcizelelwe, okuthinta indlela yokukhuluma nesimo somculo. Isibonelo, isiginesha yesikhathi sika-4/4 ivamise ukuba nokuphimisela okuqinile kusigqi sokuqala kanye nephimbo elibuthakathaka kusigqi sesithathu, okudala ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuzinzile nokubikezelwa. Isiginesha yesikhathi sika-3/4 ivamise ukuba nokugcizelela okuqinile kusigqi sokuqala namabhithi amabili abuthaka, okudala umuzwa ofana ne-waltz.
Izinhlobo Ezimbili Eziyinhloko Zesiginesha Yesikhathi
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamasignesha esikhathi: elula futhi ehlanganisiwe.
Isiginesha yesikhathi esilula babe no-2, 3, noma 4 njengenombolo ephezulu, okusho ukuthi amabhithi ahlanganiswe ngababili. Isibonelo, u-2/4 usho amanothi ekota amabili ngesilinganiso, u-3/4 usho amanothi amathathu ekota ngesilinganiso, kanti u-4/4 usho amanothi amakota amane ngesilinganiso ngasinye.
Amasignesha esikhathi esihlanganisiwe babe no-6, 9, noma 12 njengenombolo ephezulu, okusho ukuthi amabhithi ahlanganiswe ngabathathu. Isibonelo, u-6/8 usho amanothi ayisithupha esishiyagalombili ngesilinganiso, kodwa aqoqwe njengamanothi ekota amachashazi amabili. U-9/8 usho amanothi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili ngesilinganiso, kodwa aqoqwe njengamanothi ekota amachashazi amathathu. U-12/8 usho amanothi ayishumi nambili nesishiyagalombili ngesilinganiso, kodwa aqoqwe njengamanothi ekota amachashazi amane.
FUNDA OKWENGEZIWE ISIGINISHA YESIKHATHI EYINGQINA LAPHA (kule sayithi)
Izimpawu Ezikhethekile Zesiginesha Yesikhathi (Esikhundleni Sezinombolo)
Kukhona nezimpawu ezikhethekile ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sezinombolo zamasignesha athile esikhathi esivamile. Uphawu C lumele isikhathi esivamile noma 4/4, okuyisignesha yesikhathi esetshenziswa kakhulu emculweni waseNtshonalanga. Uphawu C olunomugqa oqondile phakathi kwalo lumelela isikhathi esinqunyiwe noma u-2/2, ofana no-4/4 kodwa ngohhafu wamanani wenothi. Lezi zimpawu ziphuma ku-mensural notation, uhlelo oludala lokuphawula komculo olwalusebenzisa izimo ezihlukene ukukhombisa amanani ahlukile amanothi.
Amasiginesha esikhathi awanqunyiwe noma awaphelele; bangashintsha ngaphakathi kocezu lomculo ukuze benze umehluko noma ukuhlukahluka. Ukushintsha kwesiginesha yesikhathi kuboniswa isiginesha yesikhathi esisha ebhalwe ngemva komugqa webha. Isibonelo, ucezu lomculo lungaqala ngesiginesha yesikhathi engu-4/4 bese ishintshela ku-3/4 ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokubuyela ku-4/4.
Kungani Izimpawu Zesikhathi Zibalulekile?
Amasignesha esikhathi angenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zethiyori yomculo ezisisiza ukuba siqonde futhi sazise isakhiwo nesitayela sezinhlobo ezahlukene zomculo nezingoma. Ngokufunda ukufunda nokusebenzisa amasiginesha esikhathi, ungathuthukisa amakhono akho omculo futhi ujabulele ukudlala nokulalela umculo ngokwengeziwe.
— Kent