Takulandilani ku ReadPianoMusicNow.com. Dzina langa ndine Kent D. Smith.
Nkhani ya lero ndi ya nthawi zosainira mu nyimbo.
Kodi ma signature a nthawi mu nyimbo ndi chiyani ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani ali ofunikira?
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira kuwerenga ndi kulemba nyimbo, mfundo imodzi yofunika kwambiri yomwe muyenera kumvetsetsa ndi siginecha ya nthawi. Siginecha ya nthawi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti siginecha ya mita, ndi mawu omwe amakuuzani kuchuluka kwa ma beats omwe ali mumtundu uliwonse wa nyimbo, ndi mtundu wanji wa noti womwe umafanana ndi kugunda kumodzi. Muyeso, kapena bar, ndi gulu la manotsi olekanitsidwa ndi mizere yoyima yotchedwa mizere ya bar.
Siginecha ya nthawi imakhala ndi manambala awiri olumikizidwa pamwamba pa ina, ngati kachigawo kakang'ono. Nambala yapamwamba imakuuzani kuchuluka kwa ma beats omwe ali mu muyeso uliwonse, pamene nambala yapansi imakuuzani mtundu wanji wamtengo womwe umalandira kugunda kumodzi. Mwachitsanzo, siginecha ya nthawi ya 4/4 imatanthawuza kuti pali ma beats anayi muyeso iliyonse, ndipo kugunda kulikonse kumakhala kofanana ndi kotala noti. Siginecha ya nthawi ya 3/8 imatanthawuza kuti pali kumenyedwa katatu muyeso iliyonse, ndipo kugunda kulikonse kumakhala kofanana ndi noti yachisanu ndi chitatu.
Kusaina nthawi ndikofunikira chifukwa kumathandiza oimba kukonza kamvekedwe ka nyimbo ndi kamvekedwe ka nyimbo. Zimasonyezanso kuti ndi ziwiya ziti zomwe zimagogomezedwa kapena kutchulidwa, zomwe zimakhudza kafotokozedwe ndi momwe nyimbo zimakhalira. Mwachitsanzo, siginecha ya nthawi ya 4/4 nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawu amphamvu pakugunda koyamba komanso kamvekedwe kocheperako pakugunda kwachitatu, kumapangitsa kugunda kokhazikika komanso kodziwikiratu. Siginecha ya nthawi ya 3/4 nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawu amphamvu pakugunda koyamba ndi ma beats awiri ocheperako, kumapangitsa kumva ngati waltz.
Mitundu Iwiri Yaikulu Ya Siginecha Yanthawi
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya siginecha ya nthawi: yosavuta komanso yophatikizika.
Zosainira nthawi yosavuta kukhala ndi 2, 3, kapena 4 monga nambala yapamwamba, kutanthauza kuti kumenyedwa kumagawidwa pawiri. Mwachitsanzo, 2/4 amatanthauza zolemba ziwiri za kotala pa muyeso, 3/4 amatanthauza zolemba zitatu pagawo lililonse, ndipo 4/4 amatanthauza zolemba zinayi za kotala pa muyeso.
Zizindikiro za nthawi yamagulu kukhala ndi 6, 9, kapena 12 monga nambala yapamwamba, kutanthauza kuti kumenyedwa kumagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Mwachitsanzo, 6/8 amatanthauza manotsi asanu ndi limodzi achisanu ndi chitatu pa muyeso uliwonse, koma amagawidwa ngati madontho awiri a kotala. 9/8 amatanthauza manotsi asanu ndi anayi achisanu ndi chitatu pa muyeso, koma amagawidwa ngati madontho atatu a kotala. 12/8 amatanthauza zolemba khumi ndi ziwiri zisanu ndi zitatu pa muyeso, koma amagawidwa ngati madontho anayi a kotala.
WERENGANI ZAMBIRI ZOFUNIKA COMPOUND TIME SIGNATURES PANO (patsambali)
Zizindikiro Zapadera Zosaina Nthawi (M'malo mwa Manambala)
Palinso zizindikilo zina zapadera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa manambala pazosaina zanthawi zodziwika. Chizindikiro C chimayimira nthawi wamba kapena 4/4, yomwe ndi siginecha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu nyimbo zaku Western. Chizindikiro C chokhala ndi mzere woyima kudutsamo chimayimira nthawi yodulidwa kapena 2/2, yomwe ili yofanana ndi 4/4 koma ndi theka la zolemba. Zizindikiro izi zimachokera ku mensural notation, kachitidwe kakale ka nyimbo komwe kamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kuwonetsa ma noti osiyanasiyana.
Ma signature a nthawi sakhazikika kapena osakhazikika; amatha kusintha mkati mwa nyimbo kuti apange zosiyana kapena zosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwa siginecha ya nthawi kumawonetsedwa ndi siginecha yatsopano yolembedwa pambuyo pa mzere wa bar. Mwachitsanzo, nyimbo imatha kuyamba ndi siginecha ya 4/4 kenako ndikusintha ku 3/4 pamiyeso yochepa musanabwerere ku 4/4.
Chifukwa Chiyani Siginecha ya Nthawi Ndi Yofunika?
Ma signature a nthawi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira za chiphunzitso cha nyimbo zomwe zimatithandiza kumvetsetsa ndi kuyamikira kapangidwe kake ndi kalembedwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo ndi nyimbo. Mwa kuphunzira kuwerenga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito siginecha ya nthawi, mutha kukulitsa luso lanu la nyimbo ndikusangalala kusewera ndi kumvetsera nyimbo kwambiri.
-Kent